Erudition of science

              The lungs are the site for exchange of gases. Lungs are present in the chest cavity or thorax cavity.The lungs are protected by brist bone/chest bone/sternum from the front, rib cage from sides and back bone or vertebral column from back. When we breathe in our lungs expand, moving ribs outward. When we breathe out our lungs contract, moving ribs inward.               At the bottom of the lungs a structure called diaphragm is present, which helps the lungs to expand and contract properly. Not only that, they also stop lungs from damaging the stomach. When we breathe in the diaphragm moves downward and when we breathe out they move inward. The diaphragm is also called the floor of chest cavity as it is the bottom most structure of the chest cavity.               The oxygenated blood from the heart is supplied to almost all the cells by blood vessels. The end of the blood vessel is a blood cappillary, which connects to the cell. When the blood reache

                This is a Black Hole. You might actually know it. Black Holes are a natural beauty but they might be brutal if we go near one. Black Holes are totally strange, we just observe them and bring out theories, this is what science is all about. One such theory is about Hawking Radiation given by a renown scientist - Stephen Hawking. This Hawking Radiation is given out by a black hole all the time due to changes which occur in the atoms of the black hole.                And this might be the reason for a black hole to die. How? Black holes always release radiation and at one point of time there is nothing to radiate, so the mass totally collapses and give out energy, bursting out all the contents of it. How do we actually see Black Holes?               The simple answer to this question is through a telescope. But, there is a galaxy called The Andromeda Galaxy about 2.5 million light-years away from our, Milky way Galaxy. If we are ever to know what is behind this galaxy, how

                Imagine universe as a sheet of fabric. On which if we keep any object, it bends due to its gravity or mass. This fabric has four-dimensions - length, breadth, height/depth. The other dimension is time, which is not exactly a dimension but is taken so. In image 2, there is a red planet (assume it to be mars) which is causing the fabric to bend, this is due to mass and also the gravity of Mars. Now take a look at the yellow ball (assume it to be sun), what do you observe. The curve of the sun compared to that of mars is greater. This is because the sun has more mass, hen ce more gravity while mars.                      Now, this picture explains us a lot. Firstly, the sun has a lot of mass and gravity than the earth. Secondly, if we were to perform a miniature of the same experiment on trampoline, with two balls having different masses (one is lesser than the other). When we drop the two balls, the ball with less mass tends to move towards the one with more ma

                "Respiration is a process where food is broken down into Carbon dioxide, water and energy (in the form of ATP)." This is the basic and non-concrete definition of respiration. But now let's move it to a higher level - "Respiration is a process where respiratory substrates are oxidised to form energy in the form of ATP, Carbon dioxide and water vapor." OH MY GOD! Have I used too many biological terms. Well, yes but don't worry I'll explain it to you.               From the above statement respiratory substrates means the food materials used i.e, glucose and fatty acids to oxidised (addition of oxygen to ant substance) to form energy and other products. Now we know the definition of respiration. Let's look how it actually occurs and the science behind it.               Respiration comes from a Latin word 'respire' which means 'to breathe'. Years ago, Lavoisier (a scientist) found out that we breathe in specific air (oxyge

                Black Holes are the most intriguing structures in the Cosmos which left many of the people puzzled. So, what exactly is a Black Hole. Black Holes are the beginning of the end of a star(supernova). When stars run out of fuel (hydrogen) and all of the elements formed (oxygen and Iron) settle in the core of the star, the star pushes itself towards its core as the core itself becomes unstable.                All of the particles of that star are concentrated towards its core, and the outer layers are blown away, giving out a lot of gamma radiation, light and new elements (gold platinum,etc). And the rest is a black hole. The Black Hole contains mass of about a thousands to billions of mass of our Sun concentrated to about 100km in diameter. Let me make a point here, gravitational force is more when there is more mass. And there is more gravity when the object has less radii.                For example, take two objects (A,B) with same mass, compress A a lot towards its core

                              We believe humans evolved from monkeys. And in fact it has been proven to be true. The fossils of our ancestors and their ancestors were found at various places that led to believing that humans evolved from monkeys.                The first organisms on the planet earth, Cyanobacterias, produced oxygen by photosynthesis. There evolved many organisms from this bacteria. This bacteria lives only in water (marine, fresh, brackish) and that explains why the first animals evolved were aquatic. The Comb Jelly is believed to be the first animal to be formed after these bacterias.                Many billions of years passed by and there were many types of plants and animals on earth. The temperature became very low but suitable for life on land. The trees provided food and oxygen. Fishes, who were vertebrates (animals with back bone) tried to come out of the water but failed. But slowly, as the time passed these fishes evolved legs instead of fins and lungs ins